Cole Teaches Chemistry

How do chemists explain the shapes of molecules and the bonds they form? In this lesson, we'll introduce hybridization as a model for understanding molecular geometry and bonding. We'll explore how atomic orbitals combine to form sp³, sp², and sp hybrid orbitals, examine the relationship between hybridization and molecular shape, and distinguish between sigma (σ) and pi (π) bonds. These concepts provide an essential foundation for understanding the structure and reactivity of organic molecules.